Preparation, Optimization, and in-vitro Release Study of Abemaciclib-Loaded Chitosan Nanocarrier as a New Approach for Breast Cancer Treatment

Abstract: Abemaciclib (Abm) is a CDK inhibitor that specifically targets the CDK4/6 cell cycle pathway and has potential anticancer activity. Unfortunately, it has a low solubility and dissolution rate. Aim: The aim of this study is to enhance the solubility of ABM by loading it onto a chitosan (CS) polymer. Method: Polymer nanoparticle (NP) and Abm-CSNPs nanocomposites were prepared. Minitab 18 software was used to design 18 run samples to study the effects of CS, tripolyphosphate, and pH as independent variables on the loading efficiency and particle size (dependent variable). The response surface methodology (RSM) was also used to determine how the variables affected the response. The graphical analysis used surface plots, main effects plots, contour plots, and interaction graphs. The study includes F values, P values, variance inflation factors (VIFs), adjusted sums of square (Adj SSs), adjusted mean squares (Adj MSs) and square error of the coefficient (SE Coef). The carriers and loaded samples were also examined using the results of tests, including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, the release of Abm from Abm-CSNPs nanocomposite was studied in vitro. Results: The results revealed an ability to produce particle sizes ranging from (168-192) nm and loading efficiencies from (56.7-62.1). Conclusion: Abm-CSNPs nanocomposite may be used as an alternative drug delivery system for Abm to increase the release time of Abm to 1400 minutes.