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Table of Ranks of 1722 and the Evolution of Promotion in Rank in the 18th Century

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В 2022 году исполняется 300 лет со дня принятия Табели о рангах 1722 года. В статье рассматриваются изменения, произошедшие в государственной службе Российского государства в XVIII столетии. Особое место уделено Табели о рангах 1722 года как нормативному акту, который положил начало радикальным преобразованиям в отечественной государственной службе. Впервые появляется четкое разделение видов государственной службы на военную, статскую и придворную. В отличие от регламентов других европейских государств, в Табели о рангах основным видом госслужбы стала военная служба по сравнению со статской и придворной. Также Табелью о рангах был установлен принцип чинопроизводства в зависимости от выслуги чина и служебных заслуг. Возможностью приобретать дворянство выслугой Табель о рангах оказала решающее влияние на социальное положение чиновников, происходивших из непривилегированных сословий, что привело к существенному изменению состава и численности дворянства. Следствием принятия Табели о рангах стало образование бюрократии как особого слоя российского общества. 2022 marks the 300th anniversary of the adoption of the Table of Ranks of 1722. The article deals with the changes that took place in the public service of the Russian state in the 18th century. A special place is given to the Table of Ranks of 1722, as a normative act that marked the beginning of radical transformations in the domestic public service. For the first time, there is a clear division of the types of public service into military, civilian and court. In contrast to the regulations of other European states, in the Table of Ranks, the military service became the main type of civil service compared to civilian and court service. Also, the Table of Ranks established the principle of rank production depending on the period of service of the rank and service merit. Thanks to the possibility of acquiring the nobility by period of service, the Table of Ranks had a decisive influence on the social position of officials who came from the unprivileged classes, and, thus, on a significant change in the composition and number of the nobility. The consequence of the adoption of the Table of Ranks was the formation of the bureaucracy, as a special layer of Russian society.
Title: Table of Ranks of 1722 and the Evolution of Promotion in Rank in the 18th Century
Description:
В 2022 году исполняется 300 лет со дня принятия Табели о рангах 1722 года.
В статье рассматриваются изменения, произошедшие в государственной службе Российского государства в XVIII столетии.
Особое место уделено Табели о рангах 1722 года как нормативному акту, который положил начало радикальным преобразованиям в отечественной государственной службе.
Впервые появляется четкое разделение видов государственной службы на военную, статскую и придворную.
В отличие от регламентов других европейских государств, в Табели о рангах основным видом госслужбы стала военная служба по сравнению со статской и придворной.
Также Табелью о рангах был установлен принцип чинопроизводства в зависимости от выслуги чина и служебных заслуг.
Возможностью приобретать дворянство выслугой Табель о рангах оказала решающее влияние на социальное положение чиновников, происходивших из непривилегированных сословий, что привело к существенному изменению состава и численности дворянства.
Следствием принятия Табели о рангах стало образование бюрократии как особого слоя российского общества.
2022 marks the 300th anniversary of the adoption of the Table of Ranks of 1722.
The article deals with the changes that took place in the public service of the Russian state in the 18th century.
A special place is given to the Table of Ranks of 1722, as a normative act that marked the beginning of radical transformations in the domestic public service.
For the first time, there is a clear division of the types of public service into military, civilian and court.
In contrast to the regulations of other European states, in the Table of Ranks, the military service became the main type of civil service compared to civilian and court service.
Also, the Table of Ranks established the principle of rank production depending on the period of service of the rank and service merit.
Thanks to the possibility of acquiring the nobility by period of service, the Table of Ranks had a decisive influence on the social position of officials who came from the unprivileged classes, and, thus, on a significant change in the composition and number of the nobility.
The consequence of the adoption of the Table of Ranks was the formation of the bureaucracy, as a special layer of Russian society.

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