Impact of Proton Pump Inhibitors on Kidney Function and Chronic Kidney Disease Progression: A Systematic Review

Abstract Aim: The aim of this systematic review is to comprehensively assess and analyze the impact of proton pump inhibitors on kidney function and their potential role in the progression of chronic kidney disease. Through a meticulous examination of available literature, we aim to provide a clear understanding of the relationship between proton pump inhibitor use and kidney health, shedding light on potential risks, benefits, and contributing factors. Ultimately, this research aims to inform healthcare professionals and patients alike about the implications of proton pump inhibitors on kidney function, facilitate informed medical decisions, and improve patient care. Methods: We used the following medical subject headings (MeSH) terms with keywords like "irritable bowel syndrome" and "kidney injury" to gather data from the National Library of Medicine (PubMed), PubMed Central (PMC), and Google Scholar. Articles from the last 10 years, 2013 to 2023, were gathered for this systematic review. Results: The results indicate a complex relationship between proton pump inhibitors and kidney function, as well as the progression of chronic kidney disease. Conclusion: In the end, this systematic review shows that there is a link between long-term use of proton pump inhibitors and a higher risk of kidney problems. Patients and healthcare providers should weigh the benefits of proton pump inhibitor therapy against potential risks, especially in individuals with pre-existing kidney conditions, and consider alternative treatment options when appropriate. Regular monitoring of kidney function in proton pump inhibitor users may also be advisable to ensure early detection and management of any adverse effects.