Narcissus or Literary Illusion

It was almost certainly Ovid who joined together the narratives of frustrated desire of Echo (in love with Narcissus) and Narcissus (in love with his own mirror image). This he did by exploiting the Latin word imago, which defines both the visual reflection and the acoustic one. The illusion produced by the reflection is the central theme in Ovid’s story, and it is also the principle on which the two stories are closely intertwined, replicating the theme of reflection in both structure and language, and offering a reading of reality as a space dominated by ambiguities and deceptions. Narcissus’ ‘tragicomedy of errors’ implies at the same time a discourse on the fictitious nature of all literary texts, but his figure is also an emblem of the poet bent over in admiration of his own virtuosity, and in particular of Ovid himself, who was said by Quintilian to have been ‘too in love with his own brilliance’.