Visual Evoked Potential And Contrast Sensitivity Tests In Anisometropic Amblyopia

Abstract Background Amblyopia is a disorder of sight in which the brain fails to process inputs from one eye and over time favors the other eye. Refractive amblyopia is caued by anisometropia (difference of a certain degree of myopia, hypermetropia, or astigmatism), or by significant amount of equal refractive error in both eyes. Visual Evoked Potential/Response (VEP/VER) measures the electrical signal generated at the visual cortex in response to visual stimulation. Contrast sensitivity (CS) is the ability of the eye to detect small changes in illumination at targets that do not have clearly defined limits Objectives To compare between the amblyopic eye and the fellow eye regarding the VEP and CS in patients with anisometropic amblyopia. Methods This is a cross sectional study carried out on 78 patients with anisometropic amblyopia aging 4.5–12 years. All patients presented with monocular amblyopia. Pattern visual evoked potentials and contrast sensitivity tests were carried out for both eyes. Results the amblyopic eye showed an increases in P 100 latency and decrease in amplitude compared to the fellow eye. Also the contrast sensitivity test showed decreased values of the amblyopic eye compared to the fellow eye. Conclusion VEP and CS tests could be used to assess the prognosis of patients with anisometropic amblyopia.