HYBRIDITY AND IDENTITY IN MODERN ARABIC LITERATURE: EGYPT, PALESTINE, ALGERIA

This article examines the phenomenon of hybridity in modern Arabic literature through a comparative analysis of Egyptian, Palestinian, and Algerian texts. The aim of the research is to explore how hybridity shapes national identity in postcolonial Arab societies and whether it serves as a space of cultural negotiation or systemic exclusion. The study is significant as it challenges the dominant postcolonial narrative that often celebrates hybridity as inherently liberating. The scientific novelty lies in the comparative approach that analyzes representations of hybridity across three different Arab regions using a unified theoretical framework. The study offers a new perspective on how hybridity functions in the works of Alaa Al-Aswany ( The Yacoubian Building ), Ibtisam Azem ( The Sleep Thief ), Sayed Kashua ( Dancing Arabs ), Kamel Daoud ( The Meursault Investigation ), and Nina Bouraoui ( Tomboy ). The main research task is to identify the manifestations of hybridity in the selected texts and to assess their impact on the construction of modern Arab identity. The practical significance of the study is in its contribution to postcolonial literary studies and the broader discourse on Arab identity formation. The methodology combines comparative literary analysis and postcolonial theory, drawing on the works of Homi Bhabha, Stuart Hall, and Charles Taylor. These theoretical perspectives provide the framework for analyzing hybridity, identity negotiation, and the struggle for cultural recognition. The analysis shows that hybridity in modern Arabic literature often leads not to cultural synthesis but to social fragmentation, psychological dislocation, and persistent exclusion. In Egyptian, Palestinian, and Algerian contexts, hybridity reflects unresolved tensions between colonial memory, globalization, and the search for belonging. The study concludes that hybridity in these narratives is not a final solution but an ongoing and often painful process of identity negotiation.