Integrated Optimization of Berth Allocation and Crane Assignment for Port Stevedoring Efficiency

This research explores the application of a quantitative optimization model to improve efficiency in maritime ports, focusing on the Berth Allocation and Crane Assignment Problem at Leixões Port in Portugal. The primary goal is to develop a Decision Support System (DSS) to optimize berth activities and allocate berths and quay cranes efficiently. An extensive literature review was conducted, analyzing existing models and methodologies related to maritime port optimization. A specialized optimization model was developed and validated using real-world scenario simulations. The model, based on Mixed-Integer Linear Programming, incorporates a continuous berth layout and time-invariant Quay Crane assignment. Real-world data from Yilport for the first trimester of 2020 enabled realistic model application in various scenarios, focusing on vessel discharge and load operations. After running the model in IBM CPLEX, results consistently showed a preference for single vessel berthing at the piers, with variations in quay crane deployment and vessel operational times. The model demonstrated significant efficiency improvements, evident in reduced operational times, berth occupancy rates, and quay crane utilization. These results highlight the model’s potential to outperform real-world operations, enhancing terminal performance and resource allocation. Despite limitations, such as unaccounted unproductive times, this research offers valuable insights into container terminal optimization. It provides practical implications for boosting port efficiency, paving the way for refining models, using recent data, and addressing computational challenges to advance maritime port optimization.