Air Pollution in mining Industries has very adverse effects on Human Health, Flora, and Fauna, and proper assessment is needed around the mining areas

The rapid development in India has resulted in rapid growth in the number of Heavy Motor vehicles(HMV) and light motor vehicles(LMV). Automation and Demand in transportation have also resulted in a tremendous increase in the number of vehicles in mining industries. In a few states, this has doubled in the last decade. Mining activities contribute to the problem of air pollution directly or indirectly. Rapid urbanization and the growth of motor vehicles impose a very serious effect on human life and the environment in recent years. Heavy Motor vehicles in the mining industry, mining blasts, and Open fires are more significant sources of air pollution and are main important contributors to carbon dioxide (CO2), Carbon Monoxide(CO), Nitrogen dioxide(NO2), Hydrogen Sulphide, Methane, and other greenhouse gases. These are the most dangerous gases in the mining industry and not only in the mining industry but also to the mining surrounding areas and other areas. The most important emissions during coal mining, transportation, and active mine fires are Particulate matter (PM), Sulphur dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and heavy metals. These air pollutants deteriorate air quality and ultimately affect human health, fauna, and the flora in and around coal mining areas. Air pollution is a serious environmental health threat to humans, flora, and fauna. Adverse effects range from nausea, difficulty in breathing and skin irritations, birth defects, blood, lung cancer, etc. in and around the coal mining areas. All these situations indicate that air pollution in mining areas is becoming an affected problem in the Indian context and also in the rest of the world. The present paper includes a study done on the Jharia coalfield. Due to mining, the criteria most affected are air, water, soil, vegetation, agricultural land, and topography. There is an essential need to build up a healthy environment and increase the level of research and awareness around the world. The present paper is a study of an increase in air pollution in India, especially in mining areas, and its effect on human health, fauna, and flora. The conventional coal fuel cycle is among the most destructive activities on the earth, threatening health, polluting the air, and water, harming the land, and contributing to global warming, and environmental temperature rise. The major sources contributing to air pollution in coal mining-related activities and active mine fires and secondarily vehicular emissions, while windblown dust through unpaved roads also contributed to some extent. It is therefore important that a systematic study on coal mining areas is carried out to assess the effects of coal mining on the particular region and its environment, including, cultural, historical, and social aspects.