mRNA PROTACs: engineering PROTACs for high‐efficiency targeted protein degradation

AbstractProteolysis‐targeting chimeras (PROTACs) are essential bifunctional molecules that target proteins of interest (POIs) for degradation by cellular ubiquitination machinery. Despite significant progress made in understanding PROTACs' functions, their therapeutic potential remains largely untapped. As a result of the success of highly flexible, scalable, and low‐cost mRNA therapies, as well as the advantages of the first generation of peptide PROTACs (p‐PROTACs), we present for the first time an engineering mRNA PROTACs (m‐PROTACs) strategy. This design combines von Hippel–Lindau (VHL) recruiting peptide encoding mRNA and POI‐binding peptide encoding mRNA to form m‐PROTAC and promote cellular POI degradation. We then performed proof‐of‐concept experiments using two m‐PROTACs targeting two cancer‐related proteins, estrogen receptor alpha and B‐cell lymphoma‐extra large protein. Our results demonstrated that m‐PROTACs could successfully degrade the POIs in different cell lines and more effectively inhibit cell proliferation than the traditional p‐PROTACs. Moreover, the in vivo experiment demonstrated that m‐PROTAC led to significant tumor regression in the 4T1 mouse xenograft model. This finding highlights the enormous potential of m‐PROTAC as a promising approach for targeted protein degradation therapy.