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RESISTANCE OF WHEAT SAMPLES TO THE PATHOGEN PUCCINIA GRAMINIS
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Stem rust (Puccinia graminisf. sp. tritici) represents widespread disease in spring wheat cultivation areas of Kazakhstan, particularly in northern regions where pathogen recurrence occurs frequently. During epiphytotic years, grain yield losses may reach 20–30%. In addition, pathogen is capable of long-distance dispersal via air currents from west to east. To prevent disease development, resistance of Kazakhstani commercial wheat cultivars and Sr gene carrier lines to Turkish population of Puccinia graminis f. sp. triticiwas evaluated. Results demonstrated that majority of 35 isogenic lines carrying Sr genes exhibited susceptibility to stem rust population. At seedling stage, resistance was observed in wheat genotypes Eagle (Sr26+Sr9g), Coorong (Sr27), LC Sr25, Ars (Sr25), and PBW 343 (Sr31). Accordingly, gene sources Sr26+Sr9g, Sr27, Sr25, and Sr31 were identified as effective against stem rust pathogen under conditions of Turkey. Most Kazakhstani commercial cultivars were found susceptible to Turkish population of pathogen. Among them, only three cultivars – Alikhan, Azharli, and Batyr demonstrated moderate resistance with infection type score of 2.
Стеблевая ржавчина (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici) является широко распространенным заболеванием в районах выращивания яровой пшеницы в Казахстане, особенно в северных регионах, где часто происходит повторное появление патогена. В годы эпифитотии потери урожая зерна могут достигать 20–30%. Кроме того, патоген способен распространяться на большие расстояния воздушными потоками с запада на восток. Для предотвращения развития заболевания была проведена оценка устойчивости казахстанских коммерческих сортов пшеницы и линий-носителей гена Sr к турецкой популяции Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici. Результаты показали, что большинство из 35 изогенных линий, несущих гены Sr, проявили восприимчивость к популяции стеблевой ржавчины. На стадии всходов устойчивость наблюдалась у генотипов пшеницы Eagle (Sr26+Sr9g), Coorong (Sr27), LC Sr25 Ars (Sr25) и PBW 343 (Sr31). Соответственно, источники генов Sr26+Sr9g, Sr27, Sr25 и Sr31 были определены как эффективные против возбудителя стеблевой ржавчины в условиях Турции. Большинство казахстанских коммерческих сортов пшеницы оказались восприимчивыми к турецкой популяции патогена. Среди них только три сорта – Алихан, Ажарли и Батыр – продемонстрировали умеренную устойчивость с показателем типа поражения 2.
Research and Production Center for Microbiology and Virology
Title: RESISTANCE OF WHEAT SAMPLES TO THE PATHOGEN PUCCINIA GRAMINIS
Description:
Stem rust (Puccinia graminisf.
sp.
tritici) represents widespread disease in spring wheat cultivation areas of Kazakhstan, particularly in northern regions where pathogen recurrence occurs frequently.
During epiphytotic years, grain yield losses may reach 20–30%.
In addition, pathogen is capable of long-distance dispersal via air currents from west to east.
To prevent disease development, resistance of Kazakhstani commercial wheat cultivars and Sr gene carrier lines to Turkish population of Puccinia graminis f.
sp.
triticiwas evaluated.
Results demonstrated that majority of 35 isogenic lines carrying Sr genes exhibited susceptibility to stem rust population.
At seedling stage, resistance was observed in wheat genotypes Eagle (Sr26+Sr9g), Coorong (Sr27), LC Sr25, Ars (Sr25), and PBW 343 (Sr31).
Accordingly, gene sources Sr26+Sr9g, Sr27, Sr25, and Sr31 were identified as effective against stem rust pathogen under conditions of Turkey.
Most Kazakhstani commercial cultivars were found susceptible to Turkish population of pathogen.
Among them, only three cultivars – Alikhan, Azharli, and Batyr demonstrated moderate resistance with infection type score of 2.
Стеблевая ржавчина (Puccinia graminis f.
sp.
tritici) является широко распространенным заболеванием в районах выращивания яровой пшеницы в Казахстане, особенно в северных регионах, где часто происходит повторное появление патогена.
В годы эпифитотии потери урожая зерна могут достигать 20–30%.
Кроме того, патоген способен распространяться на большие расстояния воздушными потоками с запада на восток.
Для предотвращения развития заболевания была проведена оценка устойчивости казахстанских коммерческих сортов пшеницы и линий-носителей гена Sr к турецкой популяции Puccinia graminis f.
sp.
tritici.
Результаты показали, что большинство из 35 изогенных линий, несущих гены Sr, проявили восприимчивость к популяции стеблевой ржавчины.
На стадии всходов устойчивость наблюдалась у генотипов пшеницы Eagle (Sr26+Sr9g), Coorong (Sr27), LC Sr25 Ars (Sr25) и PBW 343 (Sr31).
Соответственно, источники генов Sr26+Sr9g, Sr27, Sr25 и Sr31 были определены как эффективные против возбудителя стеблевой ржавчины в условиях Турции.
Большинство казахстанских коммерческих сортов пшеницы оказались восприимчивыми к турецкой популяции патогена.
Среди них только три сорта – Алихан, Ажарли и Батыр – продемонстрировали умеренную устойчивость с показателем типа поражения 2.
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