The effect of Chromolaena odorata on endometriosis implants in mice model of endometriosis

Introduction: Endometriosis is a benign gynecological disease whose pathogenesis mechanism is not fully understood with treatment modality with hormonal and surgical methods aiming to relieve symptoms, suppress progression, and increase fertility. This study aims to observe the differences in the administration of Chromolaena odorata leaf extract on the area of endometriosis implants in the mice model of endometriosis Materials and Methods: This study was an experimental study with a Randomized Separated Pre and Post Test Design research conducted with the control group. Thirty mice (Mus musculus) were injected with 0.2 ml/mice of cyclosporine A. Then endometrial tissue was injected into the peritoneal cavity, followed by 0.1 ml Ethinyl estradiol/mice injections on the 1st and 5th days. Mice were reared for 14 days until the endometriosis model was formed. Mice models of endometriosis were randomly divided into five groups: endometriosis mice that were terminated on day 14 (pretest), then the other groups are endometriosis mice given Aquadest as placebo (P0), endometriosis mice treated with Chromolaena odorata leaf extract at a dose of 400 mg per kilograms of body weigh (mg/kgBW) (P1), 800 mg/kgBW (P2) and 1200 mg/kgBW (P3) for 14 days. On the twenty-eighth day, mice were dissected to examine and assess the extent of endometriosis implantation macroscopically in hyperemic areas by taking samples in the most hyperemic areas of the peritoneal wall. Research data were analyzed using SPSS Version 22. Results: From this study, the average value of endometriosis implant area in the group given Chromolaena odorata leaf extract was 400 mg/kgBW (P1 = 15.60 mm2), 800 mg/kgBW (P2=14.23 mm2) and 1200 mg/kgBW (P3=0.00 mm2) was lower than the pretest group (P=104.72 mm2) and the placebo group (P0 = 153.89 mm2), showing a significant difference (p<0.001). There was a tendency that the area of endometriosis implants was also lower in the group receiving a higher dose of Chromolaena odorata leaf extract 1200 mg/kgBW (P3=0.00 mm2) than the group receiving a dose of 400 mg/kgBW (P1=15.60 mm2) and 800 mg/kgBW (P2=14.23 mm2). Conclusions: It can be concluded that the administration of Chromolaena odorata leaf extract can reduce the area of endometriosis implants in mice models of endometriosis. Higher doses result in the lower endometrial implant area.